3/30/2023 0 Comments Define abscissa![]() ![]() In mathematics, the abscissa (/æbˈsɪs.ə/ plural abscissae or abscissas) and the ordinate are respectively the first and second coordinate of a point in a Cartesian coordinate system: abscissa -axis (horizontal) coordinateordinate -axis (vertical) coordinate Usually these are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of a point in plane, the rectangular coordinate system. The distance of a point from y-axis scaled with the x-axis is called abscissa or x coordinate of the point. An ordered pair is used to denote a point in the Cartesian plane and the first coordinate (x), in the plane, is called the abscissa. The distance of a point from x-axis scaled with the y-axis is called ordinate.For example, if (x, y) is an ordered pair, then y is the ordinate here. The distance of a point from the y-axis, scaled with the x-axis, is called abscissa or x coordinate of the point. In common usage, the abscissa refers to the (x) coordinate and the ordinate refers to the (y) coordinate of a standard two-dimensional graph.v kartézské souřadné soustavě ji reprezentuje osa x. hodnota, kterou na této ose reprezentuje daná souřadnice. Abscisa je vodorovná osa souřadnic grafu v souřadné soustavě, resp.Results of the validation program are compared to the measured values on power plants and critical experiments. A number of numerical examples are presented to illustrate APOLLO2 accuracy by comparison to Monte Carlo reference calculations. APOLLO2 is also extensively used by Electricite de France within its reactor calculation chain. The APOLLO2 code has been integrated (APOLLO2-A) within the reactor code system of AREVA as cross section generator for PWR and BWR fuel assemblies. ![]() A flux reconstruction technique leads to fast albeit accurate solutions used for industrial applications. The method of characteristics, which took over the collision probability method as the main flux solver of the code, allows for whole core two-dimensional heterogeneous calculations. APOLLO2 has been provided with new capabilities in the domain of cross section self-shielding, including mixture effects and transfer matrix self-shielding, new or improved flux solvers (CPM for RZ geometry, heterogeneous cells for short MOC and the linear-surface scheme for long MOC), improved acceleration techniques (), that are also applied to thermal and external iterations, and a number of sophisticated modules and tools to help user calculations. This paper presents the mostortant developments implemented in the APOLLO2 spectral code since its last general presentation at the 1999 M&C conference in Madrid. These methods comprise the response-matrix method and methods based on the two-dimensional (2D) method of characteristics, such as the fusion method. Consequently, in this paper we review some of the deterministic 3D transport methods which in the very near future may have potential for industrial applications and, even with low-order approximations such as a low resolution in energy, might represent an advantage as compared with present industrial methodology, for which one of the main approximations is due to power reconstruction. On the other hand, typical design reactor cycle calculations comprising many one-point core calculations can have very strict constraints in computing time and will not directly benefit from the advances in computations in large scale computers. The point we made in this paper is that, although detailed and precise three-dimensional (3D) whole-core transport calculations may be obtained in the future with massively parallel computers, they would have an application to only some of the problems of the nuclear industry, more precisely those regarding multiphysics or for methodology validation or nuclear safety calculations. ![]()
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